Why would it be looking for the file in "-censored- "? 
What is the path where the custom profile photos that do work? Is it different?
Are other users having the same problem or is it limited to just you?
Until you can get it sorted, you can try this work around and see if it holds.
Upload your custom photo to a post and save the post.
Right-click and save the photo to your computer.
Upload the photo from your PC to your profile and save.
It may have something to do with where you’re uploading your custom photo from that’s causing it not to be saved in your profile. Just a thought.