I do not believe this is possible because of the way plugins are integrated into the resources of the app which needs to be done at build time, especially because some of the plugin elements impact the back end.
Several mitigations:
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Customise with Theme Components as much as possible. These can be swapped out and updated online.
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Decide on a set of plugins and stick to that list. Why do you need to change the set-up so often?
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If you just need to update a plugin use the online upgrade tool.
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Schedule the addition of new plugins to when you are forced to do a rebuild because of other fundamental changes in the core app.