You can push the staging container to a repo and then launch it on production. The ./launcher start-cmd app will give you the required stuff to crank up the container in Docker.
You’ll also need to migrate the database (perhaps with SKIP_POST_DEPLOYMENT_MIGRATIONS and then again when the new container has started if you want true zero downtime) and precompile assets.
Some settings live the the database. Others can be set with ENV variables like DISCOURSE_SETTING_NAME (e.g., DISCOURSE_TITLE='my great communiyt')