Blocking recent wave of spam

Have you tried adding certain words to Admin → Customize → Watched Words → Require Approval?

From your screenshot, I’d try adding these words:

  • cash
  • credit
  • money
  • loan
  • toll-free
  • customer care
  • care number
  • 0779*
  • helpline
  • :point_left:

It can be slightly inconvenient for users, but I have Discourse send a webhook to a Firebase cloud function (free) that pings my phone in a Slack chat room, so I can often approve posts in moderation within 60 seconds from my phone, if I’m awake.