카테고리가 “보기 및 답글 전용”이면 API를 통해 주제를 생성할 수 없습니다

This is functioning as intended.

When you act as a user using an API key you’re acting as that user, no extra permissions.

Workarounds are to either change topic owner after creation (as admin), or move the topic into the restricted category (as admin).