How to separate uploaded files to another server

Well to be clear, that’s not exactly the same question as what’s posed in the OP

If you simply want to share files between two Linux servers, there are a lot of options, which may or may not be appropriate for usage with Discourse running on separate VPS. Here’s a couple

  • NFS network filesystem, SMB share
  • SSHFS ssh filesystem
  • FUSE filesystem driver to mount your S3 as a local filesystem (or just use S3 directly)

In general I would just use S3 directly. You do not need to “run a second VPS just for storage” if you’re using S3