Will uninstalling a plugin leave any residual debris files in the database?

User notes appears to use the plugin store and user custom fields. You’d need to look at the source to see the keys used for each to remove them. If you’re not comfortable doing that you can ask in Marketplace. I’d guess it would take me between 30 and 120 minutes.

They don’t take up much room and can’t hurt anything. Most people don’t worry about this issue.