Rebaking didn’t help, no. The issue is everywhere.
I can actually see some avatars in the likes list like here:
The working avatar is on https://legiochristi.com/forum/user_avatar/legiochristi.com/jimbo2025/25/75_1.png
The blank avatar is https://legiochristi.com/forum/user_avatar/legiochristi.com/daniil/25/269_1.png
They look the same, but I’m not sure why one was a properly processed image and the other one wasn’t.