`rake posts:rebake`가 중간에 충돌했습니다

안녕하세요, 테스트베드 사이트에서 rake posts:rebake를 실행했는데, 보통 이 작업은 완료하는 데 24시간 이상 걸립니다. 오늘 아침 세션에 접속해보니 작업이 약 50% 지점에서 충돌이 발생했더군요. VPS에 8GB의 RAM과 15GB의 스왑 공간이 있으므로 메모리 부족 때문이라고 생각하지 않습니다. 또한 며칠 전, Postgres 오류로 인해 커스터마이즈한 Drupal 가져오기 스크립트가 가져오기 과정 중 한 번 충돌하기도 했습니다. 같은 가져오기 스크립트를 여러 번 성공적으로 실행한 적이 있고, 최소한 rake posts:rebake도 한 번은 전체적으로 성공적으로 실행한 바 있습니다. 그때는 우연한 사고라고 넘겼지만, 이번에는 또 Postgres의 무작위적인 문제인 것으로 보입니다:

Rebaking post markdown for 'default'                                                                                                                                                          
  1328000 / 2625793 ( 50.6%)rake aborted!                                                                                                                                                     
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PG::DataCorrupted: ERROR:  invalid page in block 181250 of relation base/16384/16846                                                                          
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-mini-profiler-3.0.0/lib/patches/db/pg.rb:69:in `exec_params'                                                                            
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-mini-profiler-3.0.0/lib/patches/db/pg.rb:69:in `exec_params'                                                                            
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:768:in `block (2 levels) in exec_no_cache'                  
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/share_lock.rb:187:in `yield_shares'                                                     
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/dependencies/interlock.rb:41:in `permit_concurrent_loads'                                           
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:767:in `block in exec_no_cache'                             
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:25:in `handle_interrupt'                                
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:25:in `block in synchronize'                            
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:21:in `handle_interrupt'                                
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:21:in `synchronize'                                     
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:765:in `block in log'                                         
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:24:in `instrument'                                                    
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:756:in `log'                                                  
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:766:in `exec_no_cache'                                      
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:745:in `execute_and_clear'                                  
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:54:in `exec_query'                              
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:560:in `select'                                   
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:66:in `select_all'                                
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb:110:in `select_all'                                       
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/querying.rb:54:in `_query_by_sql'                                                                     
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:942:in `block in exec_main_query'                                                         
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:962:in `skip_query_cache_if_necessary'                                                    
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:928:in `exec_main_query'                                                                  
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:914:in `block in exec_queries'                                                            
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:962:in `skip_query_cache_if_necessary' 
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:908:in `exec_queries'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:695:in `load'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:250:in `records'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb:88:in `each'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:128:in `block in rebake_posts'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/core_ext/range/each.rb:14:in `step'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/core_ext/range/each.rb:14:in `step'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:123:in `rebake_posts'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:108:in `block in rebake_posts_all_sites'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rails_multisite-4.0.1/lib/rails_multisite/connection_management.rb:80:in `with_connection'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rails_multisite-4.0.1/lib/rails_multisite/connection_management.rb:90:in `each_connection'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:108:in `rebake_posts_all_sites'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:7:in `block in <main>'
/usr/local/bin/bundle:25:in `load'
/usr/local/bin/bundle:25:in `<main>'
Caused by:
PG::DataCorrupted: ERROR:  invalid page in block 181250 of relation base/16384/16846
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-mini-profiler-3.0.0/lib/patches/db/pg.rb:69:in `exec_params'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rack-mini-profiler-3.0.0/lib/patches/db/pg.rb:69:in `exec_params'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:768:in `block (2 levels) in exec_no_cache'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/share_lock.rb:187:in `yield_shares'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/dependencies/interlock.rb:41:in `permit_concurrent_loads'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:767:in `block in exec_no_cache'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:25:in `handle_interrupt'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:25:in `block in synchronize'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:21:in `handle_interrupt'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/concurrency/load_interlock_aware_monitor.rb:21:in `synchronize'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:765:in `block in log'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:24:in `instrument'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:756:in `log'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:766:in `exec_no_cache'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:745:in `execute_and_clear'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:54:in `exec_query'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:560:in `select'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:66:in `select_all'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb:110:in `select_all'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/querying.rb:54:in `_query_by_sql'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:942:in `block in exec_main_query'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:962:in `skip_query_cache_if_necessary'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:928:in `exec_main_query'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:914:in `block in exec_queries'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:962:in `skip_query_cache_if_necessary'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:908:in `exec_queries'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:695:in `load'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation.rb:250:in `records'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activerecord-7.0.4.1/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb:88:in `each'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:128:in `block in rebake_posts'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/core_ext/range/each.rb:14:in `step'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/activesupport-7.0.4.1/lib/active_support/core_ext/range/each.rb:14:in `step'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:123:in `rebake_posts'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:108:in `block in rebake_posts_all_sites'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rails_multisite-4.0.1/lib/rails_multisite/connection_management.rb:80:in `with_connection'
/var/www/discourse/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.1.0/gems/rails_multisite-4.0.1/lib/rails_multisite/connection_management.rb:90:in `each_connection'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:108:in `rebake_posts_all_sites'
/var/www/discourse/lib/tasks/posts.rake:7:in `block in <main>'
/usr/local/bin/bundle:25:in `load'
/usr/local/bin/bundle:25:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => posts:rebake
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

안녕하세요!

디스크에 저장된 Postgres 상태가 손상된 것으로 보입니다. 이는 특정 손상 이벤트나 파일시스템 손상, VPS의 하위 디스크/메모리 하드웨어 결함 등 지속적인 문제 때문일 수 있습니다.

먼저 파일시스템에 fsck를 실행해 보시기 바랍니다.

다음으로, 테스트 환경이고 데이터를 재구성할 수 있다면, Postgres 데이터 디렉토리를 완전히 삭제하고 새 데이터베이스를 만들어 처음부터 다시 시작해 보세요. 그런 다음 문제를 재현하기 위해 다시 가져오기/재구성을 수행해 보며 문제가 지속되는지 확인해 보세요.

팁을 알려주셔서 감사합니다 @leonardo.

생각해보니 지난 주 import 중에 겪었던 이전 크래시는 구체적으로 Postgres의 중복 키(duplicate key) 오류 때문이었는데, 이번에는 다른 오류네요.

xfs_repair를 -e 옵션과 함께 실행했는데, 제 이해로는 아무런 손상(corrupion)이 없는 것으로 보입니다:

xfs_repair -e /dev/sda2 
Phase 1 - find and verify superblock...
Phase 2 - using internal log
        - zero log...
        - scan filesystem freespace and inode maps...
        - found root inode chunk
Phase 3 - for each AG...
        - scan and clear agi unlinked lists...
        - process known inodes and perform inode discovery...
        - agno = 0
        - agno = 1
        - agno = 2
        - agno = 3
        - agno = 4
        - agno = 5
        - agno = 6
        - agno = 7
        - agno = 8
        - agno = 9
        - agno = 10
        - agno = 11
        - agno = 12
        - agno = 13
        - agno = 14
        - agno = 15
        - agno = 16
        - process newly discovered inodes...
Phase 4 - check for duplicate blocks...
        - setting up duplicate extent list...
        - check for inodes claiming duplicate blocks...
        - agno = 0
        - agno = 3
        - agno = 1
        - agno = 2
        - agno = 4
        - agno = 5
        - agno = 6
        - agno = 7
        - agno = 8
        - agno = 9
        - agno = 10
        - agno = 11
        - agno = 12
        - agno = 13
        - agno = 14
        - agno = 15
        - agno = 16
clearing reflink flag on inodes when possible
Phase 5 - rebuild AG headers and trees...
        - reset superblock...
Phase 6 - check inode connectivity...
        - resetting contents of realtime bitmap and summary inodes
        - traversing filesystem ...
        - traversal finished ...
        - moving disconnected inodes to lost+found ...
Phase 7 - verify and correct link counts...
done

수정: 재부팅 후(언마운트된 파일 시스템에 fsck를 실행하기 위해 복구 시스템을 사용함) Discourse 앱은 시작되었고 로그에는 오류가 없었지만, 화이트 스크린 오브 데스(화면이 하얗게 뜨는 현상)만 발생했습니다. 웹사이트가 다시 로드되도록 앱을 재빌드해야 했습니다. 이 모든 일에서 정확히 무엇이 잘못되었는지 정말로 확신할 수 없습니다.