Thanks!
Here’s what that that particular example graphic looks like here (that’s not a bit of dirt on your screen, it’s the rendered graphic):
I see exactly the same 12x8 pixel size inferred here; here’s the raw markdown exactly as shown from uploading this file, without any changes:

Changing the inferred size from 12x8 to 480x320 makes the image visible as more than a dust mote:

What “settings” do you mean?
Obviously this required allowing SVG uploads; my recollection was that I had to add svg
to the authorized_extensions
configuration two years ago or so.
I did see the SVG sanitization code in Discourse. I see that they are rendering here. Because of the value of SVGs for one of the key missions of Maker Forums, combined with how we manage our user base, we have chosen to display them on purpose. When people are having trouble laser-cutting/engraving SVGs, being able to see the SVG in the context of the conversation is a valuable aid to understanding and diagnosis.
Since I was able to display SVGs here on meta as well, presumably you have made the same decision, though obviously for a different reason.