For reports viewed ‘onsite’ you can alias the id
from the topic (or post, etc) tables and use the data explorer magic to turn it into a usable link:
SELECT
id AS topic_id
FROM topics
You can also construct an URL and alias it as SOMETHING_url
to turn it into a hyperlink. eg:
SELECT
'https://meta.discourse.org/t/' || slug || '/' || id AS topic_url
FROM topics
Does that help?