无法升级到 PostgreSQL 15/

[glorioustn]

您好，我阅读了这篇文章：PostgreSQL 15 update - 并尝试升级到 15 版本，但在运行重建命令时，遇到了我不熟悉的错误，并且我所有的研究都未能解决这个问题。如果您能提供任何帮助，我将不胜感激。

它抱怨 Locale 和 postgres 都是从 13 版本初始化的，与 15 版本不兼容。

WARNING: Docker version 20.10.7 deprecated, recommend upgrade to 24.0.7 or newer.
x86_64 arch detected.
WARNING: containers/app.yml file is world-readable. You can secure this file by running: chmod o-rwx containers/app.yml
Ensuring launcher is up to date
Fetching origin
Launcher is up-to-date
Stopping old container
+ /usr/bin/docker stop -t 600 app
app
2.0.20250129-0720: Pulling from discourse/base
Digest: sha256:01b8516e5504c0e9bc3707773015ff4407be03a89154194ff3b5b8699291bc26
Status: Image is up to date for discourse/base:2.0.20250129-0720
docker.io/discourse/base:2.0.20250129-0720
/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pups-1.2.1/lib/pups.rb
/usr/local/bin/pups --stdin
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.588312 #1]  INFO -- : Reading from stdin
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.603317 #1]  INFO -- : File > /etc/service/postgres/run  chmod: +x  chown:
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.608602 #1]  INFO -- : File > /etc/service/postgres/log/run  chmod: +x  chown:
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.614271 #1]  INFO -- : File > /etc/runit/3.d/99-postgres  chmod: +x  chown:
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.619607 #1]  INFO -- : File > /root/install_postgres  chmod: +x  chown:
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.623993 #1]  INFO -- : File > /root/upgrade_postgres  chmod: +x  chown:
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.624696 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing data_directory = '/var/lib/postgresql/15/main' with data_directory = '/shared/postgres_data' in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.628520 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:#?listen_addresses *=.*) with listen_addresses = '*' in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.629701 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:#?synchronous_commit *=.*) with synchronous_commit = $db_synchronous_commit in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.635680 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:#?shared_buffers *=.*) with shared_buffers = $db_shared_buffers in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.636635 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:#?work_mem *=.*) with work_mem = $db_work_mem in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.637658 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:#?default_text_search_config *=.*) with default_text_search_config = '$db_default_text_search_config' in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.638584 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:#?checkpoint_segments *=.*) with checkpoint_segments = $db_checkpoint_segments in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.639215 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:#?logging_collector *=.*) with logging_collector = $db_logging_collector in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.639833 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:#?log_min_duration_statement *=.*) with log_min_duration_statement = $db_log_min_duration_statement in /etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.640892 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:^#local +replication +postgres +peer$) with local replication postgres  peer in /etc/postgresql/15/main/pg_hba.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.641570 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:^host.*all.*all.*127.*$) with host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5 in /etc/postgresql/15/main/pg_hba.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.642114 #1]  INFO -- : Replacing (?-mix:^host.*all.*all.*::1\/128.*$) with host all all ::/0 md5 in /etc/postgresql/15/main/pg_hba.conf
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:47.642818 #1]  INFO -- : > if [ -f /root/install_postgres ]; then
  /root/install_postgres && rm -f /root/install_postgres
elif [ -e /shared/postgres_run/.s.PGSQL.5432 ]; then
  socat /dev/null UNIX-CONNECT:/shared/postgres_run/.s.PGSQL.5432 || exit 0 && echo postgres already running stop container ; exit 1
fi

failed to set locale!
[error] character map file `UTF-8' not found: No such file or directory
failed to set locale!
[error] default character map file `ANSI_X3.4-1968' not found: No such file or directory
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = "en_US.UTF-8",
        LC_ALL = "en_US.UTF-8",
        LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
/bin/bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
popen failure: Cannot allocate memory
initdb: error: program "postgres" is needed by initdb but was not found in the same directory as "/usr/lib/postgresql/15/bin/initdb"
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:49.979779 #1]  INFO -- : Generating locales (this might take a while)...
  en_US.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
Upgrading PostgreSQL from version 13 to 15

I, [2025-02-25T12:02:49.980481 #1]  INFO -- : > HOME=/var/lib/postgresql USER=postgres exec chpst -u postgres:postgres:ssl-cert -U postgres:postgres:ssl-cert /usr/lib/postgresql/15/bin/postmaster -D /etc/postgresql/15/main
I, [2025-02-25T12:02:49.983148 #1]  INFO -- : Terminating async processes
2025-02-25 12:02:50.007 UTC [51] FATAL:  database files are incompatible with server
2025-02-25 12:02:50.007 UTC [51] DETAIL:  The data directory was initialized by PostgreSQL version 13, which is not compatible with this version 15.10 (Debian 15.10-1.pgdg120+1).

提前感谢！

[Ed_S]

@glorioustn

popen failure: Cannot allocate memory

这可能是最严重的问题——您需要更多的内存（RAM）或需要添加交换空间（swap）。

请粘贴以下快速诊断的输出：

@Ed_S

cat /etc/lsb-release
uptime
df -h /
free
swapon
vmstat 5 5
dmesg|egrep -i "memory|oom|kill"
ps auxrc

[glorioustn]

感谢您抽出宝贵时间。我完全忽略了那个内存问题，这是您要的结果：

root@glorious-discourse-forum:~# cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS"
root@glorious-discourse-forum:~# uptime
 13:27:58 up 1341 days, 22:37,  2 users,  load average: 0.07, 0.03, 0.00
root@glorious-discourse-forum:~# df -h /
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        49G   41G  7.7G  85% /
root@glorious-discourse-forum:~# free
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:        2040976      416492      436628       20940     1187856     1433788
Swap:       2097148       85248     2011900
root@glorious-discourse-forum:~# swapon
NAME      TYPE SIZE  USED PRIO
/swapfile file   2G 83.3M   -2
root@glorious-discourse-forum:~# vmstat 5 5
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----\n r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st\n 0  0  85248 436692 444416 743440    8    8   268    88    0    0  3  1 96  0  0\n 0  0  85248 436684 444416 743440    0    0     0     0   50   87  0  0 100  0  0\n 0  0  85248 436716 444416 743440    0    0     0     8   48   78  0  0 100  0  0\n 0  0  85248 436716 444416 743440    0    0     0     6   39   63  0  0 100  0  0\n 0  0  85248 436716 444416 743440    0    0     0     0   54   91  0  0 100  0  0\nroot@glorious-discourse-forum:~# dmesg|egrep -i "memory|oom|kill"\nroot@glorious-discourse-forum:~# ps auxrc
USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root      5781  0.0  0.1  40100  3332 pts/6    R+   13:28   0:00 ps

[Ed_S]

谢谢。我认为你可以尝试添加 2G 或 4G 的交换空间。但是关于 Docker 过期以及运行 18.04LTS 的消息，意味着如果你迁移到一个全新安装的操作系统的新实例，情况会好得多：最好是 24.04。我目前同时运行 24.04 和 22.04。

迁移到一个全新的实例可能比尝试就地升级更省力。甚至可能干扰更小。无论你做什么，都很可能需要一点停机时间。

第一步是进行备份（包括下载）并将其下载以妥善保管。同时复制你的 app.yml 文件。

我昨天也因为类似的原因进行了一次迁移。此外，通过更换托管提供商更新的套餐，我可以用相同的成本获得更好的机器。

我遵循了这里的迁移指南和技巧

Steps involved to downgrade from 2GB to 1GB on DO?

Create the new VPS Create a backup file from the existing site and download it to local machine. Copy the contents of app.yml from the old server to a local file or in notepad. Point your domain to the new VPS IP, or switch in the public IP you already had on your VPS provider if that’a a feature Make sure docker installed on your new VPS (follow their guide to install it as required) Follow the standard install instructions up to the point but not including the discourse setup script Create th…

另外，为了获得最佳效果，请阅读
MKJ\u0026rsquo;s Opinionated Discourse Deployment Configuration

你的磁盘空间也有些不足，特别是如果你添加交换空间的话。我通常会运行
du -kx / | sort -n | tail -55
或类似的命令，看看是否有任何不需要的大文件。

[Ed_S]

另一种迁移方法，而不是备份和恢复，是使用 rsync。我还没试过，但这里有一个方法：

Move a Discourse site to another VPS with rsync

This method is different than restoring file in UI. Maybe there is a more downtime but it’s simpler for linux folks without Discourse knowledge and it’s easy to automate. Prepare new VPS First, prepare our new Current Ubuntu LTS VPS with empty Discourse dir, OS upgrade and Docker install sudo mkdir -p /var/discourse sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get dist-upgrade wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh Then, make sure that we are on latest installed kernel and other libraries by just restarting …

[Heliosurge (Dan DeMontmorency)]

另一个问题是您的 Docker 版本和操作系统需要升级。

@glorioustn

警告：Docker 版本 20.10.7 已弃用，建议升级到 24.0.7 或更高版本

Docker 版本 24.0.7 或更高版本需要比 18 更高的 Ubuntu LTS。该 LTS 的长期服务已停止支持。

[pfaffman (Jay Pfaffman)]

@glorioustn

WARNING: Docker version 20.10.7 deprecated, recommend upgrade to 24.0.7 or newer.

@Ed_S

但是关于过时的Docker的消息，以及运行18.04LTS，意味着如果你迁移到一个带有全新操作系统安装的新实例，你的处境会好得多。

我见过一些网站使用18.04进行了升级，但大多数都没有。

@Ed_S

迁移到一个全新的实例，总体来说可能比尝试就地升级付出的努力要少。

我见过人们成功地进行了dist-upgrade，但其成功率不确定，而且你真的想让你的6年老操作系统残留下来，在24.04支持的未来5年里可能引起问题吗？此外，升级18.04只能让你升级到20.04，而20.04的支持时间大约还有60天，所以你需要运行3次dist-upgrade才能升级到最新的操作系统。

[FireAllianceNX (Leon)]

我遇到了完全相同的错误，只不过我运行了./launcher rebuild。我没有关注论坛和警告，只是盲目地运行了更新。我该如何终止/回滚这次运行？直接 Ctrl+C 退出运行吗？

[pfaffman (Jay Pfaffman)]

发生了什么？是出错了？它有提示再次运行重建吗？

你升级了 Docker 吗？

你试过

 ./launcher start app

你查看过 PostgreSQL 15 更新 了吗？

[FireAllianceNX (Leon)]

在DETAIL: 数据目录由PostgreSQL版本13初始化，与此版本15.10（Debian 15.10-1.pgdg120+1）不兼容。之后它停止了任何操作。
我重启了服务器，这使服务器恢复了。
现在正在运行更多更新，由于某些原因，Docker卡在20，还有其他依赖项。真是度过星期五晚上的好方法，哈哈

[pfaffman (Jay Pfaffman)]

真倒霉。

我会等到周一再迁移到新的虚拟机。我猜这个虚拟机已经过了使用寿命。

[FireAllianceNX (Leon)]

我更新了主机操作系统、Docker 版本，然后数据库更新也成功了，我还增加了更多内存，哈哈，应该能再用 5 年了吧？

[pfaffman (Jay Pfaffman)]

@FireAllianceNX

应该还能再用5年吧？

如果你进行操作系统升级（尤其是 Docker），可能可以！