Is there a possiblity to set the required user level to move a category to another category? Or is it simply possible to disable the possiblity to move a topic besides you are a admin / moderator?
Not really. Maybe read about trust levels in Discourse. Trust Level 3 is able to recategorize topics.
Thank @MarcP. I know that TL>=3 is able to recategorize but, this is not what I want. TL4 would be OK or disable the re-categorize feature completely.
You can not do this at this moment.
Then, this is a feature request 
Or, I will work on this at the weekend.
You can change the settings to reach the Trust Level 3 so that nobody can reach it. Without the TL3 nobody will be able to recategorize the topics except the staff. Then you can assign the TL4 to the users you want to allow to move the topics between the categories.
Yes, this can be done by disabling the trusted users can edit others site setting. See What does the “trusted users can edit others” setting do? for details about the setting.
关于此问题的一个小更新——我们现在有几个单独的设置,可以进行分组启用,以提供更多控制。 ![]()
edit all topics groups 允许添加的组能够重命名、标记和重新分类主题。因此,将其更改为仅例如管理员,就可以限制 TL3 无法执行此操作。 ![]()
而 edit all posts groups 则涵盖了具有全局帖子编辑能力的组(默认仍为 TL4)。