If it’s an internal url for example a topic link then you can use the following format to make it shorter: /t/-/topic-id. This way you can skip the domain and topic title. And only use the topic id which is a number to find the topic.
Or there is a theme component too for it: Share Link Shortener
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If it’s an external url then I think it only possible with a kind of url shortener right now. It would be cool to build a theme component or plugin which automatically shorten the url. It could be control by a setting to restrict the internal urls or what domain setted up. But this is just an idea 