Yes, on mobile there’s only one template for the categories page and it shows categories with featured topics. I guess the easiest fix would be, as @HAWK mentioned already, to use the Force Mobile Homepage component and set the mobile homepage to “Latest”, that is the global list of latest topics.
Though if you do that I’d also recommend you adjust your navigation menu, so mobile users can navigate better between the topics list, categories and other pages. Right now you only have external links and categories on the menu:
It’s usually a clearer pattern to have main navigation items for the forum on top, and to wrap external links in a dedicated section. So there’s no surprise element for navigating away from the forum. Here’s an example from another Discourse community:
