Have Discourse's requirements changed recently?

Yes, it does. But we are in a situation, where it should create at least 2 GB of cache every time there is less than 8 GB of RAM.

I would guess it comes from the fact that every single forum will use plugins. Or something, because I don’t understand mechanics of these things.

It should be made clearer that those values are real minimums in deed, and if an admin decides to use different plugins, more RAM and cache are needed. I mean, we have far too many topics where the reason for the issues is a lack of memory.