Adding text via CSS is kind of a last resort workaround because it’s not accessible, I don’t think we should encourage it by supporting it with additional features.
A plugin to enable translations in SCSS… anything is possible, but it would be very messy. For example, you would somehow need to compile different CSS assets for each locale. I would strongly recommend not trying to do this.
One possible idea… but not a recommendation (i.e. you’re on your own if you attempt this )
I understand this is a bad idea
You could do something like this in the theme javascript
This could break in many ways - if you put a quote or special characters in the translation it will break. If you try and use it in IE11, it will break.