Looks like Yandex blocks and/or delays emails or maybe Discourse works good only with Mailgun. After days of struggling I gave up and switched to mailgun and letsencrypt with this settings:
- "templates/web.ssl.template.yml"
- "templates/web.letsencrypt.ssl.template.yml"
...
expose:
- "80:80" # http
- "443:443" # https
...
DISCOURSE_SMTP_ADDRESS: smtp.mailgun.org
DISCOURSE_SMTP_PORT: 587
Good luck!