Upload an image error like "Calculated dominant color but unable to parse output"

v3.4.0.beta2

I am encountering the following error when trying to upload an image on Discourse:

“Calculated dominant color but unable to parse output.”

Could you please help me resolve this issue? Thank you!

Do you have any non-offical plugins that might be causing issues? Does it work in safe mode?

Hi, No plugins are installed. I just tried in safe mode, and I still got the same error.