I’ve seen external services provide this functionality, as well as some self-hosted options. I forget what that specific tech is called (like, “feedback buttons”?), but it’s just a bit of javascript and markup to include in a page footer or similar, so that may be easier than having Discourse track it.
Or include a message: “Was this article helpful? Yes or No”, and have the links Compose a new pre-filled topic via URL, straight to a feedback category or private message. 