Use Discourse como Sistema de Suporte/Chamados Privados

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On and off I’ve seen posters asking about how to use Discourse as a support (or ticketing) platform. I’d like to share my setup here for those with similar needs.

Background

You run/work for an organization. You need to provide pre-sales, after-sales, technical and/or one-on-one support to your customers, agents, distributors and/or partners (which organization doesn’t?).

What is Discourse

Discourse is primarily a forums software, geared towards public, open conversations of various topics. It is incredibly modern and performant, runs at lightning speed, and you have a lot of flexibility in how to setup your environment.

You want to see if you can coerce this fabulous piece of software to do what it isn’t originally designed to do.

Prior Art

What You Want

Your customers will open issues, or help tickets, on the system. They either open it under their own folder/category, or you can have some systematic/manual way of reclassifying them later on.

There may be sensitive things discussed, so by default you don’t want each customer to be able to see the issues or inquiries raised by other customers. In other words, each customer conversation should be private.

You want your support teams to each work on their allocated areas/categories. In other words, your teams should be able to see a list of all the support requests in their own categories, and be able to easily sort through them, manage them and follow-up on them without a lot of searching and filtering.

Some information may be sensitive, so each team’s area may be separated from another team’s, so they cannot view each other’s data.

Note: This method assumes that you are creating a dedicated ticketing platform, or that at the very least there will be no overlap between the users of your Discourse web interface and those requesting support tickets.
In the event that you might need to support users who are already on the same instance, consider instead using private messages to a group, and configure inbound email for the group inbox.

Your Problem

  1. Some core features are geared towards an open community, and may not be relevant to a private support forum, for example the badges.

  2. You looked at the security/permissions system and you don’t find what you want: basically pure Create and Create/Reply permissions do not exist.

  3. Your customers don’t really want to go through the hassle of creating an account on your forum just to ask a support question. But you also don’t want to open up your forum to the public and have silly posters come in and waste your time.

    You want a way to detail with these one-off inquiries quickly, but leave open the possibility of maintaining a long-term relationship with certain customers.

  4. A lot of your customers work with emails, and you want to reply to them via email, but you also want your support teams to be able to manage these requests quickly and easily without digging through piles of email.

How it Will Work

  • You have a bunch of email addresses published for customers to send inquiries. For example, you may have an email address called wonderful_product@support.example.com for people to send questions regarding the Wonderful Product product line of your company.

  • A customer sends an email to this address.

  • The email is automatically turned into a topic in the appropriate Wonderful Product category.

  • A staged user (say, MrFoo) with no rights is created on the system to track all the requests sent by that email.

  • You internal team support staff, under the group WonderfulProductTeam, which has Reply/See permission on the Wonderful Product category, sees the topic and post replies.

  • Each reply turns into a reply email back to the originating customer.

  • The customer feels that his/her email is being replied personally.

  • The customer has no way to see the emails of any other customer on the system. Meanwhile, the WonderProductTeam sees all the emails sent to wonderful_product@support.example.com all together in a single list.

  • You find that user MrFoo has been a great contributor and would actually like to involve him into your support pipeline. Go to his user profile and send him an invitation to become a member. Put him in an appropriate Group with appropriate access rights.

  • MrFoo, now an valued member of your support organizatio, logs in and sees all his previous emails neatly under his account.

Setup Instructions

Basic Discourse setup

  • Turn off Settings|Basic Setup|enable badges because badges are not awarded for posts in non-Everyone categories, which most of your categories will probably be. They will just confuse your users. Keep it if you have large, open-to-all-users categories.

  • Turn on Settings|Basic Setup|enable whispers if you want whispers. This may be useful when you have many moderators.

  • Turn on Settings|Login|invite only unless you want to allow customers to self-register themselves. You may not want the hassle.

  • Turn on Settings|Login|login required because you are not running a public forum.

  • Set Settings|Trust Levels|default trust level to 0 to make sure staged users created via email is level 0.

  • Set Settings|Trust Levels|default invitee trust level to 1 to make sure that the users you actually want to be on the system are level 1.

  • Turn on Settings|Email|enable staged users

  • (Optional) Settings|Login|must approve users may not be necessary if your forum runs on invitation only.

  • (Optional) Set Settings|Posting|approve new topics unless trust level to 1 so that your staged users (which will be created as level 0) will have their topics pending staff approval.

    Note: As of 1.9.0beta13 this doesn’t work because topic approvals by-pass all staged users. This may be corrected in the future.

  • Turn off SSO because you obviously don’t want any unknown persons to sign into your forum.

Set Up the Appropriate Email Addresses

  • On your email system, setup a MASTER mail-in email account, for example: master@support.example.com.

  • For each area/team/category, create a new, specific email account, for example: wonderful_product@support.example.com.

  • FORWARD all emails to those specific accounts to the MASTER email account. For example, an automatic forwarding should be created to forward all mail received by wonderful_product@support.example.com to master@support.example.com.

Turn on email in

  • Turn on Settings|Email|reply by email enabled

  • Turn on Settings|Email|email in

  • Turn on Settings|Email|pop3 polling enabled

  • (Optional) Turn on Settings|Email|pop3 polling ssl if your POP3 email server requires SSL.

  • (Optional) Turn on Settings|Email|pop3 polling openssl verify if your POP3 server uses SSL.

  • Turn on Settings|Email|reply by email enabled

  • Set Settings|Email|reply by email address to the MASTER email account in the section above (for example: master@support.example.com).

  • (IMPORTANT) If your email system does NOT support the + feature, then turn off Settings|Email|find related post with key. This will use each email’s In Reply To header to find the correct thread, with certain security considerations.

  • Set Settings|Email|pop3 polling host, pop3 polling port, pop3 polling username, pop3 polling password for your POP3 email server. The username and password should be for the MASTER email address.

  • Set Settings|Email|email in min trust to 0 because your staged users will be created with trust level 0.

  • Set Settings|Email|maximum staged users per email to a small number unless you have a good reason to allow creating large number of staged users from an email.

  • Set up suspected SPAM email domains in Settings|Login|blocked email domains. This prevents emails from unwanted domains from creating staged users in your forum and littering them with SPAM topics.

    Notice that regexp expressions work in this, EXCEPT for the dot (.). You do NOT need to escape the dot because it will be automatically escaped. In other words, \d+\d\d\d.\w+ will actually be \d+\d\d\d\.\w+$ and will match any domain that is a string of digits more than 3 long plus a root domain (.com, .org etc.).

  • Set up suspected SPAM email subjects in Settings|Email|ignore by title. This prevents emails with suspicious subjects from creating topics.

    Notice that regexp expressions work in this. Wrap your entries with \b if you want to match whole words in English. BEWARE, \b works for English language only!!!

Attachments

  • Add allowed attachment formats in Settings|Files|authorized extensions because customers who requires support will typically send in attachments other than photos (maybe a PDF file, an Excel spreadsheet, a CAD drawing, an error log file, or a zip file).

  • Set Settings|Files|max attachment size kb large enough so that reasonable attachments do not bounce. Typically 1MB to 2MB is enough.

Set Up Email Info in Categories

  • For each category that will receive emails from outside, set Custom incoming email address (in the Settings of the Edit dialog of that particular category) to the appropriate email account.

    For example, in the Wonderful Product category, press Edit and go to the Settings tab. Custom incoming email address should be set to wonderful_product@support.example.com. Then, all emails sent to wonderful_product@support.example.com will be created as topics in this category.

  • Turn on the Accept emails from anonymous users with no accounts setting for each category that will receive emails.

Set Up Security in Categories

  • Remove the Everyone group from each category’s access list.
  • Use Groups to manage access to each category.

If You Have a Multi-Lingual (Worldwide ) Customer Base

  • Turn on Settings|Basic Setup|allow user locale

  • Turn on Settings|Basic Setup|set locale from accept language header

    Notice that it doesn’t work for redemption from invitations as of 1.9.0beta13.

  • Consider the discourse-translator plugin

  • If you have Chinese users, please make sure to search meta for the settings required to support Chinese language posts.

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2

I think I’ve found a minor bug with this and am interested in other’s opinions. I’ve set up everything just about exactly like these instructions however I have a email-receiver docker running to receive emails directly at my hosted discourse forum and send to the forum via API. This is better than POP3. Email server forwards emails from help@test.com to help@myforum.test.com which is set up as the category incoming email. All good and fine. When I send an email to help@test.com with a nonregistered email accout it creates a new ticket/topic in the thread and I can handle that.

The problem comes after I’ve invited the user to become a member of the forum. When they are anything OTHER than anonymous or staged they suddenly can’t sent a support request email to help@test.com. The email gets rejected because the category is restricted to admins only for see/replying/posting AND to anon/staged (0-level) users for posting.

There is no way to allow for a level 1,2,3 user to POST/EMAIL to the category without actually seeing the category and all the other topics available correct? At least I don’t see how to fix this.

tldr: the second a user is no longer level-0 (when email-receiver is the way incoming email is handled) they can’t email to create a new support ticket.

It’s almost like this needs to be toggles so Create/Reply can be set but not See.

30%20PM

How to fix?

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I just had this same problem. The conclusion is that you should only use a category if the forum is closed to general registrations and the only users will be staff. Otherwise you should instead have a group set to receive emails. That is detailed here. I’ll edit this howto to warn against what we’ve both tried.

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I don’t think your edit makes much sense. The title is ‘How to use Discourse as a Private Support/Ticket System’ while you’re both trying to use Discourse as a community and a ticketing system. That’s not the same thing by any stretch of the imagination.

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What exactly is wrong with the edit? I’m clarifying that you shouldn’t use a category to receive emails unless the whole forum is private. Handling the contact email address within a community forum must be a common desire, but it won’t work with category email in. I misunderstood the implications of this howto, and so edited it to help others like me and Walker avoid making the same problem in the future.

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I think that’s a fine clarification.

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I would think it is very strange for your setting.

Now, why would you:

  1. Just anybody ==> email in and start a topic
  2. Registered user ==> email in and start a topic
  3. Registered user ==> start topic in browser NOT ALLOWED

To me it makes no reasonable sense. You’re allowing anybody on the street to start a topic in that category. Why would you ever want to prevent your registered users to do the same (which is to start a topic)?

The method that they start a topic (via browser vs. via email) should not affect their ability to start a topic.

The behavior in Discourse is absolutely logical and it should be this way. Staged users (i.e. from emails) are created by the system and they cannot login; and since they are created automatically, you don’t really give them specific permissions.

Note: I’m not considering the fact that you can make normal users all trust_level_1 and staged users trust_level_0 then disallow topic creation for trust_level_0. I have not tried it to see what happens…

Now, registered users fall under normal permissions control, and if you disallow a user from starting topics in a category, the system should disallow him/her from starting a topic REGARDLESS of the method (i.e. email or via browser).

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However, I do second (strongly) your suggestion to create Create/Reply as a separate permissions tier.

There was a lengthy discussion on this a long time ago:

As I mentioned in that discussion, Create/Reply will be ideal for a secured support-ticket system where you don’t want everybody to be able to see other people’s tickets.

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My original question above was a bit naive as I had not properly understood group message dynamics. The group incoming email/post system works perfectly and essentially is exactly what I/we need simply in a Group instead of Category (there isn’t much difference there really).

New on-boarded support staff with access to the support group(s) have access to the historical ticket archive by simply going to /g/[thegroupname]/messages/inbox which is essentially a category topics list.

As a side note for those interested I set the pre-foward incoming email system (help@test.com) to auto-reply a canned “thank you for your question” type email. Then the email is sent to the email-receiver to create the post. This keeps the customers calm and not posting a second time and gives me a bit of time to work the ticket response.

best,
Walker

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Existe um artigo tão bem escrito quanto este para aqueles que gostariam de usar o Discourse como uma comunidade online padrão E como um sistema de tickets?
Um onde haverá absolutamente sobreposição entre usuários de tickets de ajuda e usuários de fóruns da comunidade?
Isso é sequer possível sem um monte de ressalvas?

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Como uma opção para este tipo de caso de uso (e muitos outros), escrevi o seguinte plugin:

Que você pode configurar em uma Categoria (e suas Subcategorias) e permissão de forma a mantê-la fora da visualização principal da Comunidade.

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Agradeço a informação. Você conhece algum artigo “Como fazer” que combine este artigo com seu plugin para que novatos como eu possam colocá-lo em funcionamento?

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A outra opção é este plugin bem estabelecido da equipe da Communiteq:

Isso resolve o problema descrito acima de forma elegante.

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Entendi, e isso funcionará em conjunto com os usuários em estágio que criarão principalmente “tickets” no sistema, conforme descrito no corpo principal desta postagem?

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Também compartilharei que usamos nossa meta comunidade aqui no Discourse dessa forma.

Quando os clientes nos enviam e-mails, em vez de irem para uma categoria, como descrito aqui[1], isso cria um PM (mensagem privada) aqui em uma caixa de entrada de grupo que usamos como nosso sistema de tickets. Adicionamos alguns aprimoramentos leves à visualização da caixa de entrada ao longo do tempo para ajudar com isso, mas principalmente estamos usando recursos integrados.

Os pontos essenciais do nosso fluxo de trabalho são 1) usar uma caixa de entrada de grupo onde qualquer pessoa da equipe de suporte pode responder 2) arquivar PMs quando lidamos com a resposta mais recente.

Quando um cliente responde, o PM arquivado é trazido de volta para a caixa de entrada automaticamente para que toda a equipe o veja novamente.

A equipe também pode sussurrar nesses PMs para colaborar uns com os outros, e recentemente começamos a experimentar sussurros de IA também, onde algumas pesquisas iniciais são compartilhadas com a equipe antecipadamente.

  1. Também usamos categorias privadas em certos casos, mas isso é agora mais a exceção do que a regra – o fluxo de trabalho da caixa de entrada de grupo é o que se tornou a norma para nós. ↩︎

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Para aqueles de nós que têm que pagar por conta de e-mail, você pode criar uma única conta de suporte mestre e apenas criar aliases dos endereços individuais nessa conta?

No momento, minha conta principal tem, acredito eu, 12 aliases, alguns são até de nomes de domínio diferentes. E-mail enviado para qualquer um desses endereços vai para minha conta real.

Isso funcionaria para este propósito?

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[quote=“Walker_Blackwell, post:2, topic:72268”]O problema surge depois que convidei o usuário para se tornar membro do fórum. Quando eles são qualquer coisa que NÃO seja anônimo ou “staged”, eles de repente não conseguem enviar um e-mail de solicitação de suporte para help@test.com. O e-mail é rejeitado porque a categoria é restrita apenas a administradores para ver/responder/postar E para usuários anônimos/staged (nível 0) para postar.

Não há como permitir que um usuário de nível 1, 2 ou 3 POSTE/ENVIE E-MAIL para a categoria sem realmente ver a categoria e todos os outros tópicos disponíveis, correto? Pelo menos eu não vejo como consertar isso.

[/quote]

Sei que esta é uma pergunta muito antiga, mas não vi ninguém respondê-la e acho que tenho a solução. Pelo menos está funcionando para mim. Não sei se há alguma consequência não intencional ao fazer isso porque estou apenas começando, mas aqui está.

Eu gostei da ideia de categorias versus grupos, então estava seguindo este guia de configuração, mas também queria ter um fórum aberto e me deparei com o mesmo problema declarado acima.

Se você pesquisar por email settings in no admin, encontrará a página abaixo. Ela mostra um nível de confiança 2 necessário para que os usuários criem postagens por e-mail.

Usuários “staged” ignoram esse requisito, mas assim que se tornam usuários completos, eles ainda estão no nível de confiança 0 e o e-mail falha. Portanto, basta remover TL2 e adicionar TL0 e você estará pronto.

Fiz isso junto com o uso do Private Topics Plugin vinculado acima para que os usuários também possam solicitar suporte diretamente no site e estou quase terminando.

Só preciso integrar ordenadamente as tags de prioridade e status e acho que estaremos prontos.

A imagem mostra uma página de configurações para configurar recursos de e-mail, com opções como "Mostrar instruções de e-mail do formulário de inscrição" e "Grupos permitidos por e-mail" para o gerenciamento de novas postagens via e-mail. (Legenda por IA)
A imagem mostra uma página de configurações para configurar recursos de e-mail, com opções como "Mostrar instruções de e-mail do formulário de inscrição" e "Grupos permitidos por e-mail" para o gerenciamento de novas postagens via e-mail. (Legenda por IA)1968×766 92.2 KB

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[quote=“Walker_Blackwell, post:2, topic:72268”]O problema surge depois que convidei o usuário para se tornar membro do fórum. Quando eles são qualquer coisa que NÃO seja anônimo ou staged, eles de repente não conseguem enviar um e-mail de solicitação de suporte […] O e-mail é rejeitado porque a categoria é restrita apenas a administradores para ver/responder/postar E a usuários anon/staged […] para postar.
[/quote]

[quote=“tknospdr, post:17, topic:72268”]Eu fiz isso junto com o uso do Private Topics Plugin vinculado acima
[/quote]

Sim, é exatamente para isso que esse plugin foi feito! :+1:

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19

O Plugin de Tópicos Privados é brilhante para isso, mas tem uma fraqueza importante: ele só pode permitir um único usuário por Tópico. Isso significa que você não pode adicionar outros usuários ao Tópico sem revelar todos os tópicos dessa categoria a eles.

A solução alternativa é converter esse Tópico em um PM (Mensagem Privada) ou, se apropriado, movê-lo para um local mais aberto. Mas seria ótimo poder especificar outros usuários (e/ou grupos) para poder acessar esse tópico específico. Exigiria uma solução bastante complexa, eu acho.

Usar o sistema de PM para este caso de uso é bastante poderoso e flexível (e permite incluir outros usuários); no entanto, ele também tem uma fraqueza importante: está isolado do Fórum propriamente dito. Isso é muito mais um problema em sites menores sem pessoas dedicadas para lidar com o fluxo de trabalho de suporte, pois tende a notificar em excesso ou a ser esquecido.

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Sim, esse é de fato o meu principal problema. O plugin Tópicos Privados está longe de ser ideal e as mensagens pessoais oferecem mais flexibilidade no que diz respeito à capacidade de convidar outros usuários para a discussão.

Mas, depois de todos esses anos, os problemas de longa data com as mensagens pessoais ainda persistem:

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